Pil & Bue You Win Again Invisible Boy V11

English rock ring

Public Paradigm Ltd
PiL performing in 2013
Background information
Also known as	PiL Public Image Express Public Image
Origin	London, England
Genres	Post-punk[i] experimental rock[two] new moving ridge[3] dub[iv] avant-funk[5]
Years active	1978–1992, 2009–present
Labels	Virgin Warner Bros. Elektra PiL Official
Associated acts	Sex Pistols The Damage Manual The Clash The Damned Cowboys International The Flowers of Romance The Pop Group
Website	world wide web.pilofficial.com
Members	John Lydon Bruce Smith Lu Edmonds Scott Firth
Past members	Keith Levene Jah Wobble Jim Walker Vivian Jackson David Humphrey Richard Dudanski Karl Burns Martin Atkins Ken Lockie Pete Jones John McGeoch Allan Dias Russell Webb

Public Image Ltd (abbreviated and stylized as PiL) are an English post-punk band (and incorporated express company) formed by vocalizer John Lydon, guitarist Keith Levene, bassist Jah Wobble, and drummer Jim Walker in 1978. The group's personnel has changed oftentimes over the years; Lydon has been the sole constant member.

Following his deviation from the Sex activity Pistols in Jan 1978, Lydon sought a more experimental "anti-rock" projection and formed PiL.^{[6] [7]} That year PiL released their debut First Issue (1978), creating an annoying, bass-heavy sound that drew on dub, noise, progressive rock and disco.^{[eight] [9]} PiL'south 2nd anthology Metal Box (1979) pushed their audio further into the avant-garde, and is oftentimes regarded as one of the most of import albums of the mail service-punk era.

By 1984, Levene, Wobble and Walker had departed and the group was finer a solo vehicle for Lydon, who moved toward a more accessible sound with the commercially successful albums This Is What You lot Want... This Is What You Become (1984) and Album (1986).^[10] After a late 1990s hiatus, Lydon reformed the group in 2009 and has released several further albums, including What the World Needs At present... (2015).

History [edit]

Early career [edit]

Following the Sex Pistols' break-up in 1978, lensman Dennis Morris suggested that Lydon travel to Jamaica with him and Virgin Records head Richard Branson, where Branson would be scouting for emerging reggae musicians.^[11] Branson as well flew American band Devo to Jamaica, aiming to install Lydon as lead singer in the band. Devo declined the offer.^[12]

Upon returning to England, Lydon approached Jah Wobble (né John Wardle) most forming a band together. The pair had been friends since the early 1970s when they attended the same school in Hackney (both belonged to a circumvolve of friends Lydon informally dubbed "The Gang of Johns" – John Lydon, John Wardle, John Gray, and Simon John Ritchie/Beverley, a.k.a. Sid Vicious).^[13] Lydon and Wobble had previously played music together during the final days of the Sex Pistols. Both had similarly broad musical tastes, and were avid fans of reggae and globe music. Lydon assumed, much as he had with Sid Vicious, that Wobble would learn to play bass guitar as he went. Wobble would prove to be a natural talent. Lydon also approached guitarist Keith Levene, with whom he had toured in mid-1976, while Levene was a member of the Clash. Lydon and Levene had both considered themselves outsiders even within their own bands. Jim Walker, a Canadian educatee newly arrived in the U.k., was recruited on drums, subsequently answering an ad placed in Melody Maker.^[14]

PiL began rehearsing together in May 1978, although the band was still unnamed. In July 1978, Lydon officially named the ring "Public Image" (the "Ltd" was added when the company was incorporated in July 1978), after the Muriel Spark novel The Public Prototype.^[15]

PiL debuted in October 1978 with "Public Prototype", a song written while Lydon was nonetheless a member of the Sex Pistols.^[16] The single was well received and reached number 9 on the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland charts, and it as well performed well on import in the US.

Public Prototype: Beginning Effect (1978) [edit]

The photography for the album was shot by Dennis Morris who also created the PiL logo.

In preparing their debut album, Public Image: First Issue, the band spent their recording budget well before the record was completed. As a issue, the final album comprised viii tracks of varying sound quality, half of which were written and recorded in a blitz subsequently the coin had run out.^[17]

The album was released in December 1978.

The single "Public Image" was widely seen as diatribe against Malcolm McLaren and his perceived manipulation of Lydon during his career with the Sex Pistols. The track "Depression Life" (with its accusatory lyrics of "Egomaniac traitor", "You fell in honey with your ego" and "Bourgeoisie agitator") has also been regarded as an assault on McLaren, although Lydon has stated that the lyrics refer to Sid Vicious. The two-part song "Religion" refers contemptuously to Roman Catholicism; Lydon came upwardly with the lyrics when he was office of the Sexual practice Pistols just he claims the other members of the band were reluctant to use them. The closing track "Fodderstompf", heavily influenced by dub, comprises nearly eight minutes of a circular bass riff, played over a Lydon/Wobble double deed lampooning public outrage, love songs and teenage apathy. The track culminates with the sound of a burn down extinguisher beingness let off in the recording studio with Wobble heard maxim "I volition prove our frustration at society by picking up that fire extinguisher over there and spraying it at the mic".

"PiL was the elementary thing of four different people doing dissimilar drugs at different times," Wobble observed to Select. "It was only in any way together for the starting time two months of its existence. We had a fuckin' proficient drummer chosen Jim Walker, but he fucked off after a few months [in early 1979] and information technology only roughshod apart. Somehow it had sort of expiry throes that produced a couple of blinding albums."^[18]

Metal Box (1979) and Paris au Printemps (1980) [edit]

A PiL promotional affiche, 1980.

The departure of Jim Walker made manner for a series of new drummers. Auditions were later held at Rollerball Studios in Tooley Street, London Bridge. David Humphrey was their second drummer, who went on to record two tracks at Manor Studios in Oxford, "Swan Lake" and "Albatross", for Metal Box. "Death Disco" (a.k.a. "Swan Lake") was released equally a single in 1979 and reached No. xx in the charts.^[nineteen] The majority of the drumming on the album was provided by Richard Dudanski (formerly of the 101ers), PiL'south drummer from April to September 1979. He was replaced by Karl Burns (formerly and latterly of the Fall). Following sessions took place in which Martin Atkins would evidence up for an 'audition' and detect himself in the middle of a recording session with the tape rolling. The recording was released on Metal Box every bit "Bad Babe".^[xx] Atkins was PiL's drummer from 1979 to 1980 and 1982 to 1985.

Metallic Box was originally released as three untitled 45-rpm 12-inch (xxx-cm) records packaged in a metal box resembling a motion-picture show canister with an embossed PiL logo on the chapeau (information technology was later reissued in more conventional packaging every bit a double LP set up, Second Edition), and features the ring's trademark hypnotic dub reggae bass lines, glassy, arpeggiated guitar, and bleak, paranoid, stream of consciousness vocals. Metal Box is starker than Offset Issue, more spread out and uncompromising, and scattered with bits of ambient synthesiser. The design for Metal Box was the brainchild of Dennis Morris.

PiL had a series of contentious live shows and behind-the-scenes controversies during their outset American bout in 1980. Their appearance at the Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles was fraught with hostile exchanges between Lydon and the audience. Tensions offstage mounted likewise. PiL demanded that they work only with local promoters, bucking the promotional machinery of Warner Bros. Records, their American label. For both the Los Angeles and San Francisco appearances, PiL agreed to work with David Ferguson and his contained CD Presents label. This business concern arrangement pitted the band and CD Presents in a pitched battle against San Francisco-based promoter Beak Graham, who negotiated with concert venue owners and San Francisco authorities officials to deprive PiL of a concert location. Fearing public outbursts if the show was cancelled, San Francisco metropolis officials instead opted to let the CD Presents-sponsored event to keep.^[21]

On 17 May 1980, the group appeared on the teenage music prove American Bandstand at the invitation of host Dick Clark.^[22] PiL's performance was chaotic; they abased lip-syncing, invited the audience onto the phase while the music played and Lydon clowned. Clark would go on to proper name the performance amid his superlative 100 AB favorites.^[23]

In June 1980, Lydon and Levene were interviewed on NBC's The Tomorrow Show by host Tom Snyder. The interview was awkward (and combative at times), and ended with Snyder apologising to the audition: "The interesting function is, is that we talked to these two gentlemen a couple of weeks ago, a pre-interview, plainly that went all just fine and it made bully sense, and what I read almost them this afternoon, but somehow it got a little lost in translation tonight. But that'due south probably my mistake."^[24] Lydon re-appeared on Tom Snyder'southward evidence in 1997, and Snyder apologised about what happened that nighttime. Lydon shook information technology off by saying "it'due south just amusement", and the completely normal interview proceeded without difficulty.^{[ citation needed ]}

1980 also saw the release of PiL's outset live album, Paris au Printemps – as well the grouping's last album featuring Jah Wobble. On this release's album sleeve, the band's name and all of the rail titles were translated into French. The album cover was a painting by John Lydon depicting himself, Keith Levene and Jeannette Lee.

In May 1981, PiL appeared in New York at the Ritz, playing from behind a projection screen. Lydon, Levene and Jeanette Lee were joined by a new drummer, 60-year-old jazz actor Sam Ulano, who had been recruited for the gig from a bar, having plain never heard the band before. While something reminiscent of only clearly different from PiL improvised behind the screen, PiL records were played simultaneously through the PA. Lydon taunted the audition, who expected to hear familiar textile (or at least see the band), and a melée erupted in which the audition pelted the stage with bottles and pulled on a tarp spread under the band, toppling equipment. The promoters cleared the hall and cancelled the side by side dark'due south show, and a local media furore ignited in New York.^[25]

The Flowers of Romance (1981) [edit]

Later in 1980, Jah Wobble left the band and was not formally replaced. The resulting album was notable for its virtually complete lack of bass parts. Martin Atkins, who had initially joined at the tail end of the Metallic Box sessions, was re-recruited to drum on The Flowers of Romance. Levene had past then largely abandoned guitar in favour of synthesiser, picking upward a new technique although owing a debt to Allen Ravenstine of Pere Ubu. Atkins' propulsive marching ring-style drumming, the lack of bass and guitar, and Lydon's increasing lyrical abstraction made this LP a hard listen for rock fans, and contemporary reviews expressed nifty defoliation. The record consists mostly of drums, vocals, musique concrète, and tape loops, with merely gestures toward bass (played by Levene) and keyboards. The championship "Flowers of Romance" was the name of a short-lived band featuring Keith Levene, Viv Albertine, and Sid Vicious in 1976. The rail "Francis Massacre" was partially inspired by Lydon's incarceration in Mountjoy Prison and the track "Hymie'due south Him" began life every bit an instrumental slice intended for the score of Michael Wadleigh's 1981 werewolf pic Wolfen.

1983–1986: Commercial Zone, This Is What You Want... and Album [edit]

An aborted 4th anthology recorded in 1982 was later released by Levene as Commercial Zone, which included contributions from bass histrion Pete Jones. Lydon and Atkins claim that Levene stole the master tapes. Atkins stayed on through a live album (i of the starting time digital live albums ever recorded), Live in Tokyo (1983) – in which PiL consisted of him, Lydon, and a ring of session musicians—and left in 1985, following the release of This Is What You Want... This Is What Y'all Get (1984). This album consists of re-recorded versions of v songs from Commercial Zone (several of which characteristic a horn section) and three new tracks (four songs from Commercial Zone were not re-recorded for the new album). PiL was moving towards a more commercial pop music and trip the light fantastic toe music management, and while many new fans establish PiL, lilliputian of their original audience (or sound) remained.

During this acting menses, the band released the single "This Is Non a Love Song" in 1983, the song's lyric lampooning the ire from some fans and the music printing over the band's movement towards a more commercial style. The song's championship was inspired by a line in the song "Her Story" (1979) by Virgin label stablemates the Flight Lizards, well-nigh bands 'selling out' their artistic principles for commercial success ("Merely you tin can still make money, by singing sweet songs of dear... this is a love song"). Ironically, it gave the band their biggest international hit single, reaching No. v in the UK singles charts and No. 12 in the Netherlands.

A re-recorded version with harsher vocals and a brass department was included on the album This Is What Yous Want... This Is What You Get.

In 1985, Lydon recorded a song entitled "Earth Destruction" in collaboration with Afrika Bambaataa's band Time Zone and producer Bill Laswell. PiL'south 1986 album release was simply entitled Album, Meaty Disc, or Cassette, depending on the format. The cover'south blue typeface and spartan design parodied generic brands; promotional photos featured Lydon in a "generic blue" suit surrounded by generic foods and drinking generic beer. Produced by Bill Laswell (despite Lydon-fuelled faction and disunion^{[ commendation needed ]}) and with many of Laswell's usual rotating bandage of musicians, it also featured guitar solos by Steve Vai, considered by Vai himself to be some of his best work.^{[ citation needed ]} Jonas Hellborg, solo bassist and at the fourth dimension, fellow member of John McLaughlin'southward reformed band, The Mahavishnu Orchestra, played bass on the album. Jazz cracking Tony Williams and legendary Cream drummer Ginger Baker drummed on the album, which also featured Ryuichi Sakamoto of the Japanese electropop grouping Xanthous Magic Orchestra. Controversy reared again, with claims that the album cover and title concept had been stolen from the San Francisco noise/punk ring, Flipper, contemporaries of PiL, whose anthology, Album, featured a similarly unadorned sleeve. Flipper retaliated by naming their next album, Public Flipper Express.

To tour Album in 1986, Lydon recruited former Magazine and Siouxsie and the Banshees guitarist John McGeoch, world music multi-instrumentalist (and former Damned guitarist) Lu Edmunds, bass guitarist Allan Dias, and one-time The Pop Group and The Slits drummer Bruce Smith. (Dias had previously played with David Lloyd and Andrew Edge in Uropa Lula). Equally the years went on, PiL'southward line-up grew steadier equally the audio of the albums drifted toward dance culture and drum-oriented popular music. Edmunds left due to tinnitus in 1988, and Smith left in 1990. McGeoch and Dias were members of PiL from 1986 until 1992, making them the grouping's longest-running members besides Lydon.

1987–1992: Later career [edit]

PiL released the album Happy? in 1987, and during early 1988 were the supporting act on INXS' Boot bout in the United states. Bill Laswell, who produced PiL's previous album, was at one signal supposed to produce Happy?, just this idea savage through allegedly because Laswell wanted to supplant the PiL lineup with his own session musicians (every bit had been the case with Album), a asking to which John Lydon would non concord. Happy? was ultimately produced by Gary Langan and PiL. The album produced the single "Seattle" likewise every bit the abortion-themed single "The Body", a sequel of sorts to the similarly titled Sex activity Pistols song "Bodies". In 1989, PiL toured with New Order and the Sugarcubes as "The Monsters of Culling Stone". PiL'due south 7th studio album, ix – so called every bit it was the band'south ninth official album release, including the two live albums – appeared in early 1989 and featured the single "Disappointed". The album was produced by Stephen Hague (who was known for working with the Pet Shop Boys and New Order), Eric "E.T." Thorngren and the band.

In 1990, Public Image Limited's vocal "The Club of Decease" (from This is What You Want...This is What Y'all Get) was prominently featured in Richard Stanley's motion picture Hardware. That aforementioned year saw the release of PiL's commencement compilation album The Greatest Hits, And then Far, which featured one new song, the environmentally themed single "Don't Inquire Me". The rest of the album consisted of previously released material, though remixes of several songs were used rather than original album versions and the album remake of "This is Not a Honey Song" was included rather than the original single version. Lydon claims that he wanted the anthology to exist 28 tracks long; the eventual fourteen-runway listing was a compromise with Virgin Records (who, according to Lydon, originally wanted but viii tracks). The compilation, which boasted album-sleeve artwork by Reg Mombassa, made No. 20 on the UK album charts.

PiL's last studio album of this period, 1992'south That What Is Non, included a sample from the Sex Pistols' song "God Relieve the Queen" in the song "Acid Drops" (the younger Lydon's voice is heard chanting the words, "No future, no future..." in the outro). Lydon disbanded the group a year later afterward Virgin Records refused to pay for the bout supporting the album, and Lydon had to pay for it out of his own pocket. The band's last concert was performed on xviii September 1992 with the lineup of Lydon, McGeoch, Ted Chau (guitar, keyboards), Mike Joyce of The Smiths (drums), and Russell Webb (bass).^[26] Allan Dias, PiL'south bassist since the spring of 1986, quit the band in the summer of 1992, some months earlier PiL itself went on hiatus.

Hiatus [edit]

In 1993, Lydon worked on his memoirs, first published in 1994 equally Rotten: No Irish, No Blacks, No Dogs, and in 1996 he regrouped with Steve Jones, Glen Matlock and Paul Cook for the Sex Pistols' Filthy Lucre Tour. Lydon released a solo album, Psycho'southward Path, in 1997. 1999 saw the release of the 4-disc PiL compilation Plastic Box; it offered a more comprehensive retrospective of PiL'south recorded output than the single-disc The Greatest Hits, Then Far. Plastic Box contained a mixture of previously released and unreleased textile spanning PiL's unabridged career, although no fabric from Commercial Zone or PiL's two alive albums was included (in the compilation'southward liner notes, Lydon wrote that "this drove represents a comma not a full stop, I fully intend to carry on with PiL, and at that place will be more in the future.").^[27]

2009–nowadays: Reunion and new albums [edit]

Lead vocaliser John Lydon performing with the band in 2013

In September 2009 it was announced that PiL would reform for v UK shows, their first live advent in 17 years.^[28] Lydon financed the reunion using coin he earned doing a U.k. TV commercial for State Life butter. "The money that I earned from that has now gone completely – lock stock and butt – into reforming PiL,"^[29] said Lydon.

On 15 Oct 2009, Lydon registered the private limited company PIL Twin Limited as his new music publishing company in the U.k..^[thirty]

John Lydon and Bruce Smith on phase with Public Paradigm Ltd at the Manchester Ritz during the This is PiL tour, 7 August 2012

The new lineup (consisting of Lydon, earlier members Bruce Smith and Lu Edmonds, plus multi-instrumentalist Scott Firth) played to generally positive reviews in late 2009, congruent with the 30th anniversary of Metal Box. Notwithstanding, protested Lydon, "This tour is absolutely aught to do with an anniversary of annihilation… We didn't even know that Virgin were planning on releasing a very limited edition of Metal Box because they never bothered to confer with us."^[31] The bout spawned a live album, ALiFE 2009.

In April 2010, PiL began an extensive Due north American tour, including a sub-headlining advent at the Coachella Festival.^[32] The band played several European concerts in July 2010 and at the Summertime Sonic Festival in Nihon in August 2011.^[33]

In November 2009, Lydon said PiL might re-enter the studio if they could raise enough money from their December tour or from a record company.^[34]

PiL went to Tel Aviv to headline the Heineken Music Conference 2010 Festival in Baronial 2010. The grouping met with criticism for breaking the artistic boycott of State of israel by some British musicians organized in protest over Israeli policies toward Palestinians. Lydon said in response:

I really resent the presumption that I'm going there to play to right-fly Nazi Jews. If Elvis-fucking-Costello wants to pull out of a gig in Israel considering he'due south of a sudden got this compassion for Palestinians, and so good on him. But I have absolutely one rule, right? Until I see an Arab country, a Muslim country, with a republic, I won't empathize how anyone can have a problem with how they're treated.^[35]

On thirty November 2011, the band's ain label PiL Official Limited was registered every bit a private express company in the Britain.^[36]

PiL released the vinyl-only EP "One Drop" in late Apr 2012, which was eventually made available for streaming. The new 12-track studio anthology, This is PiL, followed in May. This is PiL was the ring's starting time studio album in twenty years.

On 28 July 2015, the band uploaded a promo video for lead single "Double Trouble" from their side by side album, What the World Needs At present..., via their YouTube channel. On 21 August, PiL released the unmarried (backed with "Bettie Page") and a non-anthology track, "Turkey Tits". What the Earth Needs Now... is PiL'southward 10th studio anthology, released in September 2015.^[37] On 17 November 2015, the group played "Double Trouble" on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert.

In December 2016, the group released super palatial editions of Metallic Box and Album.

In 2018, a documentary moving picture, The Public Image Is Rotten, was released. Also in 2018, the ring released The Public Image is Rotten - Songs from the Heart, a compilation CD/DVD box fix to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the band. It consists of five CDs and two DVDs that include B-sides, rarities, radio sessions, live concerts, 12" mixes and promo videos.

Members [edit]

Current members

• John Lydon – lead vocals, keyboards, violin, saxophone (1978–1992, 2009–present)
• Bruce Smith – drums, percussion, programming, backing vocals (1986–1990, 2009–present)
• Lu Edmonds – guitar, keyboards, saz, banjo, backing vocals (1986–1988, 2009–present)
• Scott Firth – bass, keyboards, synthesisers, bankroll vocals (2009–nowadays)

Discography [edit]

• Public Image: Starting time Issue (1978)
• Metal Box (1979)
• The Flowers of Romance (1981)
• This Is What You Want... This Is What You Get (1984)
• Album (1986)
• Happy? (1987)
• 9 (1989)
• That What Is Not (1992)
• This Is PiL (2012)
• What the World Needs Now... (2015)

References [edit]

1. ^ Szemere, Anna (1998). Popular Culture, Politics, and Social Transition. University of California, San Diego. p. 243.
2. ^ McCormick, Neil (x September 2015). "John Lydon: 'Robin Williams was my kindred spirit'". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
3. ^ Stokes, Paul (7 September 2009). "John Lydon revives PiL for wintertime shows – ticket details". NME.
4. ^ Jones, Simon (1988). Black culture, white youth: the reggae tradition from JA to Great britain. Macmillan Education. p. 96. ISBN978-0-333-45254-7.
5. ^ Reynolds, Simon (July 1996). "Krautrock". Melody Maker.
6. ^ Reynolds, Simon (2012). UK Post-Punk: Faber Xl-Fives: 1977–1982. Faber & Faber.
7. ^ Reynolds, Simon (November 2007). "Heavy Metal". Frieze Mag. Archived from the original on eight Jan 2008. Retrieved 15 Jan 2008.
8. ^ Lewis, Uncle Dave. "Public Image: First Issue – Public Image Ltd. | Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards | AllMusic". AllMusic . Retrieved 9 September 2013.
9. ^ Deming, Mark. "Public Image Ltd. | Biography & History". AllMusic . Retrieved 5 May 2010.
10. ^ Metallic Box - Public Prototype Ltd., AllMusic
11. ^ "Marley and Me: Talking to Legendary Photographer Dennis Morris About Bob, PiL and Getting Shot". 4 March 2016.
12. ^ "::: LOWCUT No. xix – Books and fine art". Lowcut.dk. iv May 1970. Archived from the original on 17 September 2009. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
13. ^ "Interview with post-punk legend Jah Wobble virtually music, Sid Vicious, star signs, Brexit and everything else you lot tin can remember of". The Shortlisted. 7 May 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2022.
14. ^ "Classified Advertisements / Piece of work/ Musicians Wanted". Melody Maker: xxx. Drummer Wanted to play on/off beat for modern band with stylish outlook and rather well known vocaliser. - Virgin Records, 727 8070
15. ^ "PiL Chronology: 1978" by Karsten Roekens & Scott One thousand, Fodderstompf.com, 2006.
16. ^ Lydon, John. No Irish, No Blacks, No Dogs, Keith & Kent Zimmerman, St. Martin'due south Press, May 1994. ISBN 0-312-11883-X
17. ^ "Public Image Ltd's debut album Beginning Upshot turns twoscore". Getintothis. 12 December 2018. Retrieved x Jan 2020.
18. ^ Select, May 1994
19. ^ Kenneth Fifty. Shonk, Jr.; Daniel Robert McClure (17 August 2017). Historical Theory and Methods through Popular Music, 1970–2000: "Those are the New Saints". Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 161. ISBN978-1-137-57072-vii.
20. ^ "Martin Atkins Interview". Fodderstompf.com. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
21. ^ Wechsler, Shoshana. "Emperor'southward New Clothes: Public Image in San Francisco". Damage, Vol. 1, No. seven. July 1980. pp. viii–10
22. ^ Hopper, Jessica (19 Apr 2012). "Dick Clark: the underground's unlikely champion". The Guardian . Retrieved 2 March 2016.
23. ^ Harris, Will (fourteen July 2015). "John Lydon on PIL, drinking with Todd Rundgren, and singing for Edie Brickell". A.V. Order . Retrieved ii March 2016.
24. ^ "Tomorrow Evidence", NBC, 27 June 1980
25. ^ "Fodderstompf | PiL Gigs | New York, Ritz, USA, May 15th 1981". www.fodderstompf.com . Retrieved xx Oct 2021.
26. ^ "Public Image Ltd.: Information from". Answers.com. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
27. ^ "PiL Discography | Plastic Box CD". Fodderstompf. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
28. ^ "Sex Pistol vocalist John Lydon to reform Public Image". Reuters. 7 September 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2009.
29. ^ "John Lydon: Public Image Express". SuicideGirls.com. 10 April 2010. Retrieved 24 April 2010.
30. ^ PIL Twin Express (20 Jesmond Way, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4QR) co-ordinate to CompaniesHouse.co.uk website
31. ^ Fortnam, Ian: "Backside the Public Epitome"; Archetype Stone #148, Baronial 2010, p58
32. ^ "Coachella 2010: Jay-Z, Muse, Thom Yorke lead lineup". Los Angeles Times. 19 January 2010.
33. ^ Robson, Daniel, "Punk icon Lydon shows fondness for Nippon in volume", Nihon Times, 4 March 2011, p. 18.
34. ^ "PiL may get dorsum in the studio". 3 News. eighteen November 2009. Archived from the original on xvi February 2012. Retrieved xviii November 2009.
35. ^ "John Lydon – Lydon Slams Critics Over State of israel Evidence – Contactmusic News". Contactmusic.com . Retrieved 23 February 2011.
36. ^ PiL Official Express (20 Jesmond Mode, Stanmore, Middlesex, HA7 4QR) according to CompaniesHouse.co.united kingdom website
37. ^ "Public Epitome Ltd to release new album, What The World Needs At present..." UNCUT. eighteen May 2015. Retrieved 19 March 2020.

Bibliography [edit]

• Heylin, Clinton (1989). Public Image Limited: Ascent/Autumn . London: Omnibus Press. ISBN0-7119-1684-5.
• Reynolds, Simon. "Heavy metal: The legacy of PiL and Metal box", Frieze 111 : UK, 2007

• Sullivan-Burke, Rory (Apr 2022). The Light Pours Out of Me: The Authorised Biography of John McGeoch. Autobus Press. ISBN978-1913172664.

External links [edit]

• Official website
• Ring's biography/discography
• interview with John Lydon at SuicideGirls
• Adrian Sherwood speaks about PIL
• in depth interview with Keith Levine most the early days of Public Image
• Keith Levene on PIL

levineyoupirse.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Image_Ltd

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